According to the technological requirements for caring for newborn piglets, milk teeth are removed on the first day of life without fail.

Piglets are born with morphologically developed milk teeth - 2 canines and 2 edges on each side of the upper and lower jaws, which must be removed after the birth of the animal. Timely and high-quality extraction of teeth prevents the development of infectious diseases in piglets and prevents injury to milk bags in sows while sucking milk.

Extraction of the teeth also prevents injury to each other during a sow's udder nipple fight or even simple play. Therefore, the teeth of the piglets can be eaten away or ground off as soon as possible after birth - immediately after the end of farrowing or, if it happened at night, on the next day.

In many farms, tooth extraction is performed with dental forceps, biting 1 / 2-2 / 3 of each tooth, trying not to injure the gums and tongue. This prevents the development of bleeding and further infection of the dental pulp. This operation is quite simple. For better operative access to the teeth, the pig's head is held with the left hand, the fingers of which moderately press on the mandibular joint and the oral cavity opens or the thumb is immediately placed in the oral cavity.

The head of the pig should be tilted so that the eaten tooth particles fall out of the oral cavity on their own. Sometimes this leaves sharp parts of the crown of the tooth, so they have to be bitten again.

Rice. 1. Chewing teeth of piglets using dental pliers

In some farms, teeth are bitten at the very same gums, as a result of which bleeding occurs and the pulp of the tooth is exposed, causing the development of pulpitis, the introduction of streptococcal infection, and the like.

Now in many countries, such surgical intervention is prohibited in accordance with the law on the protection of animals.
There are a number of significant preferences for using a Proxxon or Dremel electric teeth sharpener. The technique of execution boils down to the fact that the surface of the head of the device, with a special abrasiveness, grinds off the pointed parts of milk teeth by 1/2 or 2/3 of their length, and in some cases, much less. By grinding the machine, the teeth are given a rounded shape.

At the same time, the pulp of the tooth was not exposed, and in the postoperative period, complications of any nature, as a rule, do not occur. This eliminates the irritation of the milk bags in sows and the occurrence of the MMA syndrome. Another of the advantages of using the device is non-invasiveness (no pain response) and prevention of stress in piglets.

Rice. 2. Grinding the teeth of piglets with a Dremel electric appliance

Taking into account the technological approach to carrying out the extraction of teeth for piglets, each specialist or operator independently chooses for himself in what way he can perfectly carry out this manipulation or by the method of eating, then by the method of grinding. It is always necessary to take into account the epizootic state in the farm and warn against all possible risks, both for piglets and sows.

In the first days of life, piglets do not have subcutaneous fat and very quickly get supercooled and fall ill with colds, if the proper temperature is not maintained in the room. In the first two decades of piglets' life, the air temperature at floor level should be at least 12 ... 14 ° С. Subsequently, it can be reduced to 10 ... 12 ° C, and by the fattening period - up to 8 ... 10 ° C, since during this period a layer of fat is formed in piglets under the skin, which protects their body from hypothermia. The required temperature can be maintained by insulating the walls, doors, windows and ceilings of the room. In addition, special nests are arranged for piglets. Much attention should be paid to eliminating drafts, as they are especially dangerous for suckling piglets. In addition to normal temperature conditions, the piglets need walks. They contribute to the normal development of the animal, strengthening the skeleton, increasing appetite and improving the absorption of feed.

Walking begins at 4-5 days of age, first in a barn or other room, then on warm weather days, the piglets are released with the sow into the yard or into a specially fenced-off paddock; in winter, straw or other bedding is spread over the snow. In the first days, the duration of winter walks should not exceed 3-5 minutes, gradually they are brought to 25-30 minutes. All boars need to be castrated, since castrates grow better, consume less feed on growth and produce high quality pork. Boars castrate when they reach 40-45 days of age. At a later date, the animals tolerate the operation worse. Recently, early castration of boars has been used - at the age of 1-2 weeks. Early castration has a beneficial effect on the growth and development of young animals. A veterinarian should be invited for castration. Should piglets have their milk teeth trimmed? As already mentioned, at birth, piglets have eight teeth, four on each jaw.

When sucking, the nipple falls between these teeth and is held in a certain position. If the teeth are incorrectly positioned, the piglets injure their nipples. These piglets need to have their teeth trimmed. The operation is performed with special bone forceps or ordinary scissors. In this case, one person holds the pig with one hand, and with the other hand takes it by the toothless part of the mouth and opens it. The other person bites off or cuts off the teeth so as not to damage the gums, otherwise the jaws will swell greatly, and the piglets will weaken, and sometimes even die.
Teeth trimming in all litter piglets should be considered incorrect. The development of suckling pigs is monitored by weight gain in individual periods. Table 4 shows the approximate daily gain of piglets. The stunted piglets must first of all be washed in warm water and soap, wiped dry and kept in a warm room. They need to be especially well fed. If they have diarrhea from milk, then they give antibiotics, and preferably acidophilus. Gradually increase the daily feed intake.

Table. Live weight and daily gain of suckling piglets

Age, days	Daily gain, g		Live weight at the end of the period, kg
	minimum	maximum	minimal	maximum
At birth

After the piglet gets stronger and begins to eat well, juicy and roughage is introduced into its diet in large volumes, and the supply of dairy and concentrates is reduced. In the practice of household pig breeding, piglets are weaned from queens at 30, 35 and 40 days of age. 3-5 days before weaning of piglets, depending on the milkiness of the uterus, the rations significantly reduce it. At the same time, first of all, juicy and other lactic forage is completely excluded, the rate of concentrates and water is reduced. By the time of weaning, piglets should be accustomed to eating large amounts of concentrates, succulent and roughage, so that they receive all the necessary nutrients mainly from feeding. Weaning is carried out within 3-4 days, and sometimes more. In this case, it is advisable to transfer the uterus to another room, and leave the piglets in the old pen. During the weaning period, piglets are allowed to suck on the uterus on the first day 5-6 times, on the second - 3-4, on the third - 2-3, on the fourth - 1 time. At the same time, it is necessary to carefully monitor the condition of the udder of the sow, preventing it from hardening and inflammation. During weaning, piglets are left in the same pen for 10-15 days. At the same time, the piglets can more easily tolerate the absence of their mother, do not lose their appetite. They are fed 4-5 times a day in equal doses. High-quality concentrates, boiled potatoes, 1-2 kg of skim milk should be added to the rations of weaners. Feed should be given the same and in the same form as during the suckling period. A sharp transition to a different method of feeding and new feed leads to a deterioration in eatability and a decrease in growth. During this period, it is necessary to pay special attention to the uninterrupted supply of water to piglets.

The neonatal period is the most important stage in the future development of piglets. In the uterus of the sow, the fetuses are in a sterile environment, at a constant temperature, they receive the nutrients and oxygen they need from the sow's blood through the placenta. From the moment of birth, the piglets within a few minutes find themselves in completely new conditions for them, in which they begin to breathe, move, eat, and resist various harmful environmental conditions.

Experts call piglets newborns from the moment of their birth to the separation of the umbilical cord stump (7-10 days).

During these 7-10 days, piglets experience temporary hypothermia (decrease in body temperature), a decrease in live weight of a piglet occurs, rhythmic respiration is established, the umbilical cord dries up and falls off, and the umbilical wound heals. The neonatal period is the most critical in the development of piglets, as it is characterized by the instability of the basic functions of the body, as a result of which many diseases occur in newborn piglets, especially those associated with metabolic disorders. Taking this into account, owners of private household plots and peasant farms during this period should pay more attention to newborn piglets, providing the most attentive care and optimal housing conditions.

After the separation of the umbilical cord, newborns are called piglets - suckers, which are placed under the sow immediately after birth (no later than 1 hour). Placing in boxes is undesirable, since the piglets are deprived of the opportunity to feed and move in a timely manner. Boxes can be used when the sows are very restless and there is a danger that they may crush the piglets, or when farrowing takes place in cold weather.

The sow feeds the piglets at least 1 time per hour. At the beginning of sucking, no milk is released from the udder, the piglets vigorously massage the udder for 2-5 minutes. The moment of milk release from the sow lasts less than 1 minute. Newborn piglets receive colostrum from the sow - a biologically valuable product that helps to create immunity in piglets against diseases. Unfortunately, the composition of colostrum changes rapidly, and piglets placed in a box, with prolonged farrowing, are deprived of this valuable food product and protection, in addition, it must be borne in mind that the greatest ability of immune bodies from sow colostrum to enter the piglet's body is preserved only during the first 6 hours after birth.

From the first day of feeding, the owners should teach the piglets to certain teats, while weak piglets are added to the front, lighter ones.

In the first days after birth, piglets, especially small, sedentary ones, gather in heaps, since they do not have subcutaneous fat, they are easily overcooled and get sick. Therefore, the owners of private household plots and peasant farms must fulfill the first and main requirement for their maintenance - warmth, dryness and cleanliness. Optimum temperature for newborns is + 24-26 ° С, relative humidity is -65-70%. It is better to cover the farrowing house floors with wooden boards, providing the animals with a clean, dry bedding. For piglets, the required ambient temperature is maintained by heating and ventilation. In addition, additional heating systems are turned on for them, using conventional 150 W incandescent lamps, infrared lamps or beds, etc.

In order to avoid crushing the piglets in the pens, special barriers made of poles or metal pipes are attached along the walls at a distance of 20-25 cm from the wall and at a height of 20-25 cm, which can be removed after 7-10 days. Long-stem straw should not be used as bedding, as the piglets get entangled in it and the sow can crush them.

The first three days after birth, piglets feed only on mother's milk, and from the 4th day they need to be taught to eat roasted grains, chalk, charcoal, turf, red clay, etc. Clean, fresh, boiled water is placed in the troughs, which is changed at least 2 times a day (before changing the water, the troughs must be washed).

Sometimes, when, after farrowing, a sow (more often piging for the first time) does not emit milk at all or very little, the piglets should be placed under other sows or artificial rearing should be used - using ready-made milk mixtures for this. Owners of private household plots and peasant farms can prepare a sow colostrum substitute on their own. To do this, add 30 ml of boiled water to 1 liter of cow's milk, one chicken egg (preferably from a personal backyard) 1 teaspoon of granulated sugar, vitamins D and A (1 ml), ferrous sulfate 1% -10 g, aminopeptide -2.5 g. The resulting mixture is well mixed, a single dose of 50 g of a pig. The reasons for low milk production of sows are inadequate feeding or excessive obesity, lack of regular walks.

The normal feeding of piglets is often interfered with by the teeth of the piglets that are vertical to the jaw, with which they injure the teats of the udder of the sow. Piglets at birth have incisors - edges and canines. In such cases, the owners of private household plots and peasant farms use forceps to bite off the sharp ends of their teeth. However, do not bite your teeth in all piglets, as this is injurious and opens the door for infection. In the future, such piglets often become seriously ill and stunted.

Piglets early accustomed to feeding, more energetic and strong, massage the sow's mammary glands better, thereby stimulating milk production. As the first feeding, starting from the 4th day of life, newborns are given cow's milk warmed up to 35 ° C, reverse or acidophilic milk, which well protects piglets from gastrointestinal diseases. First, piglets are taught to acidophilic milk by lubricating the udder teats of the sow before sucking and during sucking, and on the 7-8th day they are given from the trough. After feeding the pigs, this trough is cleaned and washed with boiling water. From the 5th day of life, piglets begin to feed with porridge made from barley, oatmeal or wheat grits, cooked on skim milk with the addition of meat and bone meal and fish meal - 10 g each.

The value of iron is especially great for young animals. The iron reserve in the pig's body at birth does not exceed 50 mg, the daily requirement for the pig is about 7 mg, and with breast milk it receives only 1 mg per day. Already by the 5-7th day of life, an iron deficiency is created in their body, the formation of hemoglobin is disrupted and anemia develops in piglets (). The initial signs of nutritional anemia in piglets begin to appear from 3-5 days of age. Anemia in the future in piglets is one of the causes of gastrointestinal tract disorders () and pulmonary diseases ().

Piglets should start walking from the 3rd day of the pig's life - in summer and from 5-7th - in winter, starting for 5-10 minutes, and their duration increases with age. Piglets that do not use walks grow worse and get sick more often. Fresh air strengthens their body, increases appetite, and when exposed to the sun, vitamin D accumulates in their body, which promotes the absorption of minerals and protects young animals from anemia and rickets (.).

Such withdrawal is not an easy thing to do. What should be done in the first days, how to achieve good results?

Newborn piglets are first sorted: small ones are placed to the front lobes, which are milder, and piglets, which are larger, to the rear ones. Babies only need to be placed on certain nipples for two or three days, and then they will never give the nipple to another. With this technique, you level out the litter.

In the first two or three days, newborns break off the "fangs" with which they bite the udder of the sow. If there is no skill in such an operation, it is better to seek help from a veterinarian.

The little pig, like everyone else, loves warmth - in the first 15 days it is worth maintaining the temperature plus 25-30 °. Immediately after birth, the piglets are placed in the pen with clean water and various feeding: crushed chalk, barley roasted until coffee-colored, 50 g per day for one litter. Getting only breast milk, piglets really need iron, and not getting it they are threatened with anemia. In the veterinary pharmacy, you can buy copper sulfate and iron sulfate. Dissolve 1 g of copper sulfate and 2.5 g of iron sulfate in 1 liter of water and moisten the sow's nipples with the resulting solution.

When the pigs are 6 days old, they are taught to porridge from concentrates, and from the 10th day - to potatoes and other root crops.

If you happen to purchase a day-old piglet, there is no need to despair - it can be raised without a queen. Babies suck their mother every 1.5 hours, therefore, at home, you need to organize a similar regime for them. Drink about 50 ml of cow's milk with a little sugar, 1 drop of vitamin A every day, 1 drop of vitamin D every other day and 3 drops of ferroglucin at a time.

Already by the 20th day, you can feed after 3 hours and no longer give milk. The most important thing in this business is not to overfeed. A piglet can be very energetic in asking for supplements, but too much will lead to an upset of the gastrointestinal tract, and this is difficult to cure. However, if this happens, use 1: 1 cow's milk rice water.

Helping the sow during farrowing. Care

If farrowing is delayed and for several hours active attempts are not accompanied by the appearance of piglets, then the sow must be provided with obstetric assistance. To activate childbirth, piglets should be allowed to suck more often.

The reason for the delay in the appearance of piglets may be the wrong position of the fetus, the narrowness of the birth canal in young queens, a delay in the birth canal of a decomposed fetus, as well as the weakness of the muscles of the abdominal wall and uterus from lack of walking.

Every pig breeder should be able to provide emergency assistance to a sow during farrowing.

To do this, you should carefully trim your nails, wash your hand well with soap to the forearm, cauterize existing wounds and abrasions with iodine and lubricate with petroleum jelly or soap. The prepared hand must be slowly inserted into the vagina, and moving along the birth canal, feel the stuck piglet with your fingers and expect another push.

Simultaneously with the next contraction of the muscles of the abdominal wall, the fetus is carefully pulled up and taken out of the birth canal. Usually it turns out to be a dead fetus and later on the delivery proceeds normally. If childbirth does not normalize, then the help of a veterinarian is needed.

Within four to five days after farrowing, the pig will have postpartum discharge. At first, they are red, then they turn brown and by the end of the postpartum period they become transparent, and then completely stop. If the discharge has a putrid odor, then a veterinarian should be called.

Newborn piglets, after they are dry, can be admitted to the uterus. If the temperature in the room is kept at 20 ° C, and in the compartment for the pigs it is 25 - 28 ° C, then they need not be isolated.

If the temperature is lower, then the first two to three days, the piglets are better kept in an insulated box.

At the end of labor, the pigs are examined. Some of them may have too long and crooked canines, with brown or black tips. Such teeth must be shortened with special forceps or small scissors on the first day, otherwise, over time, the canines will become hard and their shortening will be painfully tolerated by the piglets.

Also, the umbilical cord is examined again and, if necessary, it is cauterized with 10% tincture of iodine.

The first few days after birth, the piglets are inactive, so care must be taken that the sow does not crush them when she lies down. For this, barriers are made of metal pipes or poles along the walls of the machine at a distance of 1 5-20 cm from them and at a height of 20-25 cm from the floor. They can be removed after about 7 to 10 days.

Caring for newborn piglets

After farrowing, each piglet from the first replanting is assigned to a specific nipple: the larger and stronger ones are placed on the rear nipples, the weak ones - to the front ones, in order to wean in the same order in the future. The piglet usually gets used to its nipple and uses it during the entire suckling period.

In the first days of life, piglets suckle milk-producing queens in 25-40 minutes, and for milky ones - after 1-2 hours.

Helping the sow with farrowing. Caring for newborn piglets

How to help a sow during farrowing.

With prolonged farrowing. in which, for several hours, active attempts are not accompanied by the appearance of piglets, the sow needs help, that is, obstetrics.

First of all, in order to activate labor, it is necessary to let already born piglets near the nipples for sucking as often as possible.

The cause of prolonged labor can be the narrowness of the birth canal in young pigs, improper placement of the fetus, delayed decomposition of the fetus in the birth canal, weakness of the muscles of the abdominal wall and uterus due to lack of walking.

In all these cases, you need to be able to provide emergency assistance to the sow. To do this, you need to cut your nails short, wash your hand well up to the forearm with soap and water. If there are abrasions or wounds, they must be cauterized with iodine. After that, the hand should be soaped or smeared with petroleum jelly.

The hand prepared in this way is slowly introduced into the vagina and gently advanced along the birth canal. When they feel the stuck pig with their fingers, they expect another push. With the next contraction of the abdominal muscles, the fetus is carefully pulled up and removed from the birth canal.

After that, labor usually proceeds normally. If they do not normalize, then you need to seek help from a veterinarian.

After farrowing, the sow will develop lochia for about four to five days. At first they are red, then they become brown, then they become transparent and completely stop. If a putrid smell is felt in the discharge, then the help of a veterinarian is needed.

Caring for newborn piglets.

After the newborn piglets are dry, they are allowed to approach the sow. If the temperature in the pigsty is 20 ° C, and in the piglet compartment it is 25 - 28 ° C, then they need not be isolated. At a lower temperature in the pigsty, it is better to keep the piglets in an insulated box for the first two to three days.

After birth, all piglets must be examined. If any of them have curved and long canines with black or brown tips, then they should be shortened with special small scissors or forceps. This procedure must be carried out on the first day. Otherwise, the canines will become hard and shortening will be too painful for the piglets.

You should also pay attention to the umbilical cord. If necessary, it is once again cauterized with a ten percent tincture of iodine.

In the first days after birth, the piglets are still inactive and therefore it is necessary to ensure that the uterus does not crush them when lying down. To prevent this, barriers are made of metal pipes or poles along the walls of the machine at a distance of fifteen to twenty centimeters from them and at a height of twenty to twenty-five centimeters from the floor, which are removed after about seven to ten days.

How to care for newborn piglets?

Newborn piglets are sorted out: small, large ones are placed to less milk nipples. They must be placed on certain nipples for 2-3 days, and then they themselves will never give it up. In this way, the litter is leveled.

In the first 2-3 days it is necessary to contact the veterinarian, who will break off the young growth "canines" with which the piglets painfully bite the sow's udder and she is worried. The first 15 days of small piglets should be kept warm - plus 25-30 °. Newly born piglets are immediately supplied with clean water and various feedings. roasted barley to a coffee color, finely crushed chalk, 50 g per day for droppings. Mother's milk alone is not enough for piglets, since they do not receive iron, and this threatens them with anemia.

For small pigs, iron sulfate and copper sulfate are purchased at the veterinary pharmacy. Dissolve 1 g of copper sulfate and 2.5 g of iron sulfate in 1 liter of water, after which the nipples of the sow are moistened with this mixture.

From about the 6th day of their birth, piglets are tamed to porridge from concentrates, and on the 10th, you can also teach them to root crops, potatoes.

A day-old pig, if necessary, can go out without a sow. Since the babies suck her at a frequency of 1.5 hours, the piglet needs to create exactly the same diet. Give him 50 ml of cow's milk at a time, adding a little sugar to it, every day - 1 drop of vitamin A, every other day - 1 drop of vitamin D and 3 drops of a veterinary drug.

By about the 20th day, the pig can be fed after 3 hours without giving milk. Although the piglet vigorously asks for supplements, it cannot be overfeeded, as the excess will lead to an upset of the gastrointestinal tract. If, nevertheless, the piglet is ill, it is necessary to use rice water in cow's milk 1: 1.

Sources: fazenda.sam-stroy.info, d-givotnovodstvo.narod.ru, www.odinga.ru, www.domgivotnovodstvo.ru, zverushka.net.ua

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Farmers claim that a pig's teeth can tell a lot, so when choosing an adult, you need to pay attention to them. Indeed, if an animal has problems with them, then it will not be able to eat the necessary food. As a result, weight gain will be slower. They can also be used to determine the age of the pig.

Each adult animal should have 42 teeth, while young animals have 32 teeth. Age-related changes occur constantly. They are displayed in the erasure of the tuberous surface of the incisors and canines.

The formula is universal, but in some cases the teething does not follow the standard.

It is worth noting that in young animals the teeth are changed not from the incisors, but from the molars. After eruption, the middle and front incisors appear, respectively. At birth, mumps are already born with several milk teeth. So, they have canines and molars (4 pieces in total).

The process of teething in pigs occurs in accordance with their age. Therefore, experts can determine how many months / years old an animal is by looking in its mouth.

Table 1. Pig teeth depending on age

Age	What teeth appear
20 days	Cutting incisors
30 days	Incisors begin to appear above the gum, 4 maxillary molars appear
3 months	The eruption of deciduous teeth ends
5 months	Pre-root type permanent teeth appear
7 - 7.5 months	Milk molars fall out
8 months	Milk fangs are missing
1 year	There is a change in the milk incisors that appear within the next 2 months
1.5 years	Milk teeth are missing in the jaw, the last molar is erupting
2 years	There is a gradual erasure in a natural way due to the consumption of feed
3 years	The front incisors are small (up to 4 cm), those that are in the middle are in normal condition, the length of the canines can reach 5 cm (for castrates, 3 cm)
More than 3 years	Canines become dull but long, all teeth wear out and become smaller

Thus, based on the condition of the teeth, the age of the animal can be determined. It is important to understand that a pig gains weight most effectively before 1 year of age. In the future, it is not economically feasible to maintain it if it is not a uterus or a producer.

At the age of 6 - 9 years, the hunt for queens becomes irregular, and at 10 years old it stops. Therefore, animals are sent for slaughter up to 6 years old.

Determining the age of a pig by the teeth

It is necessary to understand that you can determine the age of a pig by the number of teeth. But sometimes she is given poor-quality food, as a result of which the grinding of incisors and molars occurs much faster. Therefore, the main way to determine age is to keep track of how many teeth have appeared and which ones are specific.

Important. Sometimes it is impossible to determine the age with high precision. Therefore, it is necessary to buy animals only from trusted breeders. So, on large livestock farms, documentation is kept for each individual. It indicates the age of the pig and the characteristics of its maintenance.

Effects of nutrition on pig teeth

The health of the teeth of pigs depends on the quality of the feed. It is necessary to give the correct food, depending on the type of feeding. If it is necessary to get more meat, then they give one feed, and to increase the mass of fat, the piglets are given another food.

It is worth considering the main features of feeding in order to understand how it affects the teeth of the pig.

Dry feeding

This method is used in 75% of cases, since it is the most economical. Also, additional labor costs associated with the need to monitor the state of food quality are not required. Here are the main benefits of dry feeding:

However, there are several disadvantages as well. So, the likelihood of developing gastrointestinal diseases increases. Animals need plenty of water. They are constantly forced to move from feeders to drinkers, disturbing the peace of other individuals. Also, ash particles of compound feed are sprayed throughout the entire space of the pigsty, increasing the likelihood of developing lung diseases.

Dry food grinds teeth very quickly. Therefore, if you feed a pig only with them, then by 1.5 years it must be sent for meat. She will not be able to fully eat due to the fact that the length of her teeth will not be enough to eat this food.

Liquid feeding

This type of feeding is common in many European countries. Here are some of the benefits of doing this:

However, it is necessary to constantly monitor that the feed does not turn sour. On the one hand, the load on the teeth decreases, but the risk of developing intestinal diseases increases. Most medium and small Russian livestock farms provide pigs with liquid and dry feed.

Why grind the teeth of piglets

Pigs often have their teeth ground down artificially. This is due to the fact that young animals can injure other individuals or damage the nipple of the uterus during feeding. For several centuries, forceps and other hand tools have been used to carry out this manipulation. But today there is a safer and simpler technology.

This is how canines break off.

Table 2. Step-by-step instruction breaking off fangs

Description	Photo
Capture the piglet to prevent it from escaping.
Press on the jaw joint with your fingers so that the pig opens its mouth and fix it with the thumb so that it does not close.
Tilt your head so that the chipped tooth appears.
Remove 1/3 to 1/2 of the tooth with forceps.

Inspect the broken tooth for sharp edges. If they are, then it is necessary to re-implement the breakdown. However, today it is the grinding procedure that is more often used. It is performed by a veterinarian or specialist who knows how to operate the appropriate equipment. The procedure itself is a little longer in time, but the piglets' teeth will definitely be in order and will not cause them injury.

Important. It is necessary to perform the procedure so that the animal does not damage the tongue and gums. Otherwise, there is a high risk of infection.

Video - Breaking canine teeth in piglets

Why breaking teeth is prohibited in many countries

Indeed, in many countries this is prohibited. States with a fairly strong movement of environmentalists and animal rights defenders have adopted a ban on breaking teeth at the highest level. Instead, a more expensive procedure is performed - stitching. For this, special electric machines are used.

The rapidly rotating nozzle grinds it in contact with the tooth. This should be done by 2/3. It is important that the pulp is sufficiently protected. During grinding, the pig does not feel discomfort, and the surface of the teeth remains even. However, you must purchase this device yourself or constantly call a specialist.

Features of the digestive system of pigs

There are several features of digestion, depending on where exactly the food is at a particular moment. Each of the stages processes food for further breakdown. In this case, it is necessary to provide for the entire digestive tract of the piglet to work, otherwise various diseases may develop.

Digestion in the mouth

If it gets into the mouth, the food undergoes serious processing. The moisture level of food affects the number of chewing movements. The more of them, the more the teeth of the animal grind off.

Interestingly, the salivary glands are only active while eating. However, sometimes you can see drooling if the pig smells the food. Most of the saliva is produced by direct action on the receptors in the oral cavity.

An animal can secrete up to 15 liters of saliva at a time. But the amount depends on the type of food. So, if it is dry, then more liquid is released. With liquid feed, it is almost absent.

Food processing in the stomach

The volume of this organ is up to 9 liters. It has one camera. It is here that gastric juice is produced. In the stomach, food practically does not mix, being arranged on top of each other in layers. Here the assimilation of carbohydrates takes place. Microflora contributes to the development of fermentation processes in the stomach. To reduce them, the animal must be fed with silage.

Also, the stomach absorbs fats and proteins. The amount of gastric juice directly depends on the animal's appetite. If it is not enough, then part of the food will go to the next stage without complete fermentation.

Digestion in the intestine

It is thin and has a great length. Therefore, pigs can eat quite a lot of feed at one time. The intestine assimilates various trace elements and vitamins that the animal needs for life.

The time of movement of food along the gastrointestinal tract varies from several hours to several days. It all depends on the metabolic rate, the quality of the food and its type, as well as the age of the pig. You can find out if everything is in order with the gastrointestinal tract by the number of feces. The pig releases them up to 3 kg per day. Diarrhea or a large amount of stool indicates a problem. If it has worms, then urgent antibiotic treatment is required.

Pig meat should not be eaten after treatment for 21 days. Therefore, it is necessary to continue feeding the animal. If the disease occurred at the time of slaughter, then you will have to wait for the next opportunity. Usually pigs are slaughtered in late autumn or winter so that there are no mosquitoes and midges, and the meat can be stored in the cold for a long time.

Major dental problems in pigs

Most often, entrepreneurs are faced with the problem that a pig begins to grit its teeth at certain points in its development. It is necessary to understand what caused this, since in some cases the creak is a symptom of various diseases. Here are the main reasons:

Important. The squeak can be short-lived if triggered by overeating. However, in conditions of growing on large livestock farms, this phenomenon rarely occurs, since feeding is provided according to the scheme.

Sometimes pigs develop teeth that are slightly darker in color than others. They are called black. Practice shows that with such a deviation, animals can live long enough. However, it is necessary to understand what led to their appearance.

Usually pigs are fattened for up to a year. During this period, this defect does not have time to manifest itself. Therefore, the farmer does not have to face such a problem. But if you have a uterus and a manufacturer, you need to take care of timely treatment.

The cause of this defect is usually associated with eating poor quality feed or lack of minerals in the body. If he does not bother the pig, then the teeth can be left. But over time, they will bring pain to the pig, so it will not be able to eat normally.

Black teeth should not be treated on their own. It is best to call your veterinarian. He will examine the diet and health status of the animal in order to prescribe the optimal treatment. Also, the veterinarian will adjust the diet. Removal takes place using special equipment. Adults are euthanized by intravenous or intramuscular sleeping pills. It is much easier with babies, it is enough to hold them correctly.

Video - Removal of black teeth in piglets

But don't do it yourself. If the tooth is not completely removed or certain steps are not taken to decontaminate the wound, the piglet can become seriously ill.

Thus, teeth are very important for a pig. You must carefully monitor their condition. Untimely grinding or removal can bring discomfort to the animal, which may lead to the development of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. In large factories, there is always a full-time veterinarian who monitors the health of the livestock. But in small private farmsteads it is necessary to periodically call a doctor for successful breeding of pigs.

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