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Great Patriotic War partisans. Presentation "partisan movement during the Second World War" Partisan movement behind enemy lines presentation

Great Patriotic War partisans. Presentation "partisan movement during the Second World War" Partisan movement behind enemy lines presentation





From the very first days and weeks of the war, the partisan movement began - the armed struggle of the Soviet people against the fascist invaders in occupied territory, behind enemy lines. The partisan struggle was active in Ukraine, Belarus, in the Oryol, Smolensk, Leningrad and Kalinin regions of Russia. Partisan formations were created - detachments, regiments, brigades and divisions, sometimes up to 20 thousand people.


The partisans delivered their main attacks on enemy communications and assisted the advance of the Soviet troops. During the war, more than 6,200 partisan detachments and underground groups operated behind enemy lines, in which more than 1 million people fought - representatives of all the peoples of the Soviet Union. In Ukraine there are thousands, in Belarus there are thousands, in Russia there are thousands, in Latvia - 13 thousand, in Lithuania - 10 thousand, in Estonia - about 7 thousand, in Moldova - over 6 thousand, in Karelia - over 5 thousand.


The partisans destroyed 58 armored trains, 50 thousand cars, blew up 12 thousand bridges, and derailed over 20 thousand railway trains. An important form of partisan action was the raids of partisan formations behind enemy lines, which distracted large forces of the Nazis, which was a significant help to the Red Army.



The partisans liberated large territories near the rear, which were called the “partisan region.” Before the summer of 1942, there were 11 such territories. In the fall of 1943, more than 200 sq. km behind enemy lines were controlled by partisans. Citizens of Czechoslovakia, Poland, Romania, Yugoslavia, Hungary, Belgium, France, Germany and other countries fought together with the partisans on the territory of the Soviet Union against the fascist invaders.


The Nazis suffered significant losses from underground groups and organizations in cities and other populated areas. The underground, which according to incomplete data numbered over 220 thousand people, collected and transmitted intelligence information, took part in sabotage, disabled equipment, and informed the population about the actions of Soviet troops.



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Great Patriotic War partisans Performed by students 7 “A” Shley Dmitry and Tsinevsky Viktor

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Menu Soviet partisans in the Great Patriotic War Guerrilla movement in the occupied regions of the RSFSR during the Great Patriotic War Formation of Soviet partisan detachments False partisans Jewish partisan detachments Elements of partisan war Location of Soviet partisan detachments

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Soviet partisans in the Great Patriotic War Soviet partisans are an integral part of the anti-fascist Resistance movement, who fought using guerrilla warfare methods against Germany and its allies in the territories of the USSR occupied by them during the Great Patriotic War. The movement was coordinated and controlled by Soviet authorities and was modeled after the Red Army. The main goal of the guerrilla war was to undermine the front in the German rear - disruption of communications and communications, the operation of its road and railway communications (the so-called “Rail War”), etc.

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In the Bryansk region, Soviet partisans controlled vast territories in the German rear. In the summer of 1942, they actually exercised control over a territory of over 14,000 square kilometers. The Bryansk Partisan Republic was formed. The main struggle in this area was waged by the partisans not against the German occupiers, but against the anti-Bolshevik-minded population of the Lokot Republic. Detachments of Soviet partisans with a total number of more than 60,000 people in the region were led by Alexey Fedorov, Alexander Saburov and others. Partisan movement in the occupied regions of the RSFSR during the Great Patriotic War

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Formation of Soviet partisan detachments The main tasks of the partisan movement were set out in the Directive of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR and the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks of June 29, 1941 and the Resolution of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks of July 18, 1941 “On the organization of the struggle in the rear of German troops.” The most important directions of the struggle behind enemy lines were formulated in the order of the People's Commissar of Defense I.V. Stalin dated September 5, 1942 “On the tasks of the partisan movement.”

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There were cases when the Nazis, in order to discredit the partisan movement, created punitive detachments (usually from collaborators), who posed as Soviet partisans and committed murders of civilians. In 1943-1944, a group of collaborationists operated in Polesie under the guise of partisans. As one former member of the resistance said, there was a case when one of the partisan groups met with “false partisans”:

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Jewish partisan detachments On the territory of the Soviet Union, from 15 to 49 thousand Jews fought against the Nazis in underground organizations and partisan detachments. Approximately 4,000 people fought in 70 purely Jewish partisan detachments on the territory of the USSR. Jewish partisan detachments were created by those Jews who fled from ghettos and camps, fleeing extermination by the Nazis. Many of the organizers of the Jewish detachments had previously been members of underground organizations in the ghetto.

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Elements of guerrilla warfare Sabotage occupied a significant place in the activities of partisan formations. They were a very effective way of disorganizing the enemy rear, inflicting losses and material damage to the enemy, without engaging in combat with him. Using special sabotage equipment, small groups of partisans and even individuals could inflict significant damage on the enemy. In total, during the war years, Soviet partisans derailed about 18,000 trains, of which 15,000 in 1943-1944.

Partisan movement during the Great Patriotic War

The partisan movement is the armed struggle of the Soviet people against the Nazi invaders in the temporarily occupied territory of the USSR

The call for guerrilla warfare was made in an address to the people by I.V. Stalin on July 3, 1941 The Pravda newspaper, which published the speech of the Chairman of the State Defense Committee I.V. Stalin

On July 18, 1941, the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks adopted a resolution “On the organization of the fight in the rear of German troops,” which formulated the general goals, objectives and main forms of struggle. At the first stage, the main goal of the partisans was to reduce the defense capability of enemy troops, to divert the largest possible enemy forces for protecting your rear. At this stage, partisan formations solved the following most typical tasks: conducted reconnaissance; disorganized the work of the enemy rear; destroyed manpower and military equipment; defensive work was disrupted; mined communication routes and other important enemy targets; The evacuation was disrupted by enemies of industry and transport.

At stage II, the main goal of the combat operations of the partisan forces was to create favorable conditions for the advance of Soviet troops at a high pace. Based on this, new tasks were set: to prevent the influx of Nazi reserves and material resources into the area of ​​​​operation; make it difficult to escape; disrupt control.

The main forms of struggle are an ambush, a sabotage raid. Partisans of one of the detachments in an ambush on a forest road

The partisan detachments were armed with light small arms, machine guns, machine guns and mortars. Soviet female partisans armed with Mosin rifles with fixed bayonets.

Members of the “Forward” partisan detachment are studying the design of a new mortar. Tungudsky district, Lekhta village. 1942

The partisan movement that arose among the grassroots was initially viewed with caution by the Soviet leadership. But the massive nature of the liberation struggle and the great damage inflicted by the partisans on the invaders forced the Defense Committee and Headquarters to change their views. On May 30, 1942, the Central Headquarters of the partisan movement was created at Headquarters, led by P.K. Ponomarenko

Leadership was carried out mainly by radio Popov D.M., head of the Western headquarters of the partisan movement

The most effective partisan raids were carried out by the formations of S.A. Kovpak, A.N. Saburov, S.V. Grishin, A.F. Fedorov, P.P. Vershigory. S.A. Kovpak A.N. Saburov S.V. Grishin A.F. Fedorov P.P. Vershigora

In July 1943, the Central Headquarters of the partisan movement developed a plan for a major operation called the “Rail War”. According to this plan, the partisans of Belarus, Leningrad, Kalinin, Smolensk and Oryol regions were supposed to disable a significant number of enemy railway communications with simultaneous attacks.

In terms of its scale, the “Rail War” acquired a strategic character. Started on the night of August 3, 1943, in the midst of a fierce battle on the Kursk Bulge, it unfolded over a vast area with a front length of 1000 km and a depth of 750 km, and continued until mid-September 1943. About 100 thousand fighters of partisan formations and tens of thousands of civilians took part in the operation. The crash of a German military train organized by one of the partisan detachments

The national struggle in the rear of the Nazi troops is one of the brilliant pages of the Great Patriotic War, an outstanding feat of the Soviet people. For the heroism and courage shown during the years of severe trials, thousands of patriots were awarded orders and medals, 249 were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, and S.A. Kovpak and A.F. Fedorov was awarded this title twice. The commander of a partisan detachment presents the medal “For Courage” to a young partisan reconnaissance

Commander of the 5th Leningrad Partisan Brigade, Hero of the Soviet Union K.D. Karitsky. attaches the medal “Partisan of the Patriotic War, II degree” to the priest of the church of the Porkhov district, F.A. Puzanov

The feat of the partisans during the Great Patriotic War

© Akimova O.N., Kolmakov A.I.


  • Guerrilla movement -armed struggle against the Nazi invaders in temporarily occupied territories.

  • The central headquarters of the partisan movement was created May 30, 1942 . Valid until May 13, 1944 of the year.
  • Since the spring of 1943, the actions of the partisans began to be coordinated with the offensive operations of the Red Army.

  • Raids behind enemy lines.
  • Sabotage of communications.
  • Creation of partisan regions;
  • "Railway War"

  • During the war, they operated behind enemy lines over 6,200 partisan units in which they fought more than 1 million people.

Sidor Artemyevich Kovpak

  • (1887 - 1967) commander of the Putivl partisan detachment (later - the Sumy partisan unit, even later - the 1st Ukrainian partisan division), member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party (b) of Ukraine, major general. Twice Hero of the Soviet Union.
  • In 1941-1942, Kovpak’s unit carried out raids behind enemy lines along Sumy , Kursk , Orlovskaya And Bryansk regions , in 1942-1943 - a raid from the Bryansk forests to Right Bank Ukraine By Gomel , Pinskaya , Volynskaya , Rivne , Zhytomyr And Kyiv regions ; V 1943 - Carpathian raid .

  • The Sumy partisan unit fought in the rear of the Nazi troops more than 10 thousand kilometers , defeated enemy garrisons in 39 settlements . The connection totaled about 2000 partisans. It was armed with 130 machine guns, 380 machine guns, 9 guns, 30 mortars, 30 anti-tank rifles, rifles and other weapons.
  • Kovpak's raids played a big role in the development of the partisan movement against the German occupiers.

Alexander Nikolaevich Saburov

  • (1908 -1974) - Soviet military leader, major general, commander of a partisan unit, Hero of the Soviet Union (1942).
  • In December 1941 in the Oryol region united under his command five partisan detachments with a total number of 151 people .
  • From March 1942 to April 1944, he commanded a partisan unit that operated in Sumy, Zhitomir, Volyn, Rivne and other regions of Ukraine, as well as the Bryansk and Oryol regions of Russia and in the southern regions of Belarus.

Alexey Fedorovich Fedorov

(March 30, 1901 - September 9, 1989) - Soviet statesman and party leader, one of the leaders of the partisan movement in the Great Patriotic War, twice Hero of the Soviet Union (1942, 1944), Major General (1943).

From september 1941 year - first secretary of Chernigov, from March 1943 year - also the Volyn underground regional party committee, at the same time the commander of the Chernigov-Volyn partisan unit of the NKVD of the USSR, operating in Ukraine, Belarus and the Bryansk forests of Russia.


During these years, Alexei Fedorov's talent was revealed as an outstanding organizer of guerrilla warfare, one of the creators of partisan tactics. Under his leadership, partisan detachments turned into a formation that carried out important combat operations to destroy enemy manpower and equipment.

Parade in honor of the fortieth anniversary of Soviet Ukraine (1958). The column of former partisans is led by legendary commanders A.F. Fedorov, S. A. Kovpak, T. A. Strokach.


Pyotr Petrovich Vershigora

  • (1905-1963) - active participant in the Soviet partisan movement during the Great Patriotic War, major general, Hero of the Soviet Union (August 7, 1944).
  • Writer, laureate of the Stalin Prize, second degree (1947). Member of the CPSU(b) since 1943.
  • With the beginning of the Great Patriotic War in July - August 1941, he participated in the battle for Kyiv as a platoon commander, platoon commander, company commander, and battalion commander in the 264th Infantry Division.

  • From September 1941 to April 1942 - military correspondent of the political department of the 40th Army. In May - June 1942 - resident of the intelligence department of the Bryansk Front.
  • From August 1942 - deputy commander for reconnaissance of the partisan unit S.A. Kovpak, from December 1943 - commander of the unit, which was renamed the First Ukrainian Partisan Division named after. twice Hero of the Soviet Union S. A. Kovpak.
  • The division under his command accomplished in 1944 year raid to Poland and Neman raid . On July 3, 1944, the division joined forces with Red Army units in the Baranovichi area and was disbanded.

Dmitry Nikolaevich Medvedev

  • (August 10, 1898 - December 14, 1954) - commander of a partisan detachment, Hero of the Soviet Union, NKVD personnel officer, colonel, writer.
  • From 1941 he headed a special forces detachment, from August 1941 to January 1942 he headed the Mitya task force.

  • The Mitya detachment became the first unit sent behind German lines in early September 1941 . The detachment operated until January 1942 in the territory Smolensk , Bryansk , Mogilevskaya regions, conducted over 50 major operations.
  • From June 1942 to February 1944, commander of the special-purpose partisan detachment “Winners,” operating in central and western Ukraine.
  • The detachment carried out over 120 major operations , destroyed a number of high-ranking officials of the occupation regime ( 11 generals and senior government officials), 81 military echelons, up to 2,000 German soldiers and up to 6,000 police and Ukrainian nationalists .

Krasnodon

Underground Komsomol organization "Young Guard"

Underground youth groups emerged in Krasnodon immediately after its occupation by German troops. By September 1942, Red Army soldiers who found themselves in Krasnodon, soldiers Eugene Moshkov , Ivan Turkenich , Vasily Gukov , sailors Dmitry Ogurtsov , Nikolay Zhukov , Vasily Tkachev .

At the end of September 1942 underground youth groups united into the “Young Guard”, the name was proposed Sergei Tyulenin . The commander of the organization became Ivan Turkenich. Who was the commissioner of the Young Guard is still unknown. Even the members of the organization themselves who managed to survive changed their testimony, pointing out Oleg Koshevoy , then on Victor Tretyakevich . The staff members were: Georgiy Harutyunyants - responsible for information, Ivan Zemnukhov - chief of staff, Oleg Koshevoy - responsible for safety, Vasily Levashov - commander of the central group, Sergei Tyulenin - commander of the combat group itself. Later they were introduced to the headquarters Ulyana Gromova And Lyubov Shevtsova . The overwhelming majority of the Young Guards were Komsomol members.

The “Young Guard” issued and distributed more than 5 thousand leaflets, its members participated, along with underground communists, in carrying out sabotage in electromechanical workshops, set fire to the labor exchange building, where lists of people intended for export to Germany were kept, thereby about 2000 people were saved from being hijacked to Germany .

The Young Guards were preparing to stage an armed uprising in Krasnodon in order to defeat the German garrison and join the advancing units of the Soviet army. However, shortly before the planned uprising, the organization was discovered.


Underground Komsomol organization "Young Guard"

  • September 13 1943 young guards Ulyana Thunderous , Ivan Zemnukhov, Oleg Koshevoy, Sergei Tyulenin, Lyubov Shevtsova were awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union . Subsequently, 5 May 1990 , this title was also awarded to the commander of the underground organization Ivan Turkenich.
  • 3 members of the “Young Guard” were awarded the Order of the Red Banner, 35 - the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, 6 - the Order of the Red Star, 66 - the medal “Partisan of the Patriotic War”, 1st degree.
  • By Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated December 13th 1960 V.I. Tretyakevich was posthumously awarded the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree.

Krasnodon


Zoya Anatolyevna Kosmodemyanskaya ( born 09/13/1923 in the village Osino-Gai, Tambov province, died on November 29, 1941 in the village of Petrishchevo) - Red Army soldier of the sabotage and reconnaissance group of the headquarters of the Western Front, abandoned in 1941 to the German rear. According to the official Soviet version, she was a partisan.

The first woman awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union (posthumously) during the Great Patriotic War. It became a symbol of the heroism of Soviet citizens in the Great Patriotic War.

On November 17, the Supreme High Command Order No. 428 was issued, ordering the deprivation of “ the German army the opportunity to be located in villages and cities, drive the German invaders out of all populated areas into the cold in the field, smoke them out of all rooms and warm shelters and force them to freeze in the open air", for what purpose " destroy and burn to the ground all populated areas in the rear of German troops at a distance of 40-60 km in depth from the front edge and 20-30 km to the right and left of the roads ».


Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya

Zoya managed to burn down a German communications center, which made it difficult or impossible for some German units stationed near Moscow to interact.

When evening comes November 28, while trying to set fire to the barn of S.A. Sviridov (one of the guards appointed by the Germans), Kosmodemyanskaya was noticed by the owner. The Germans who were called by the latter seized the girl (at about 7 o'clock in the evening). For this, Sviridov was awarded by the Germans with a glass of vodka (later sentenced by the court to death for aiding the Germans).

She was flogged with belts, then the guard assigned to her led her barefoot, in only her underwear, along the street in the cold for 4 hours. Executed publicly.

On February 16, 1941, a decree was signed awarding her the title of Hero of the Soviet Union (posthumously).


  • https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BA,_%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B4 %D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%90%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87 – Kovpak Sidor Artemyevich;
  • https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/% D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2,_%D0%90%D0%BB %D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80_%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0 %B0%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87 – Saburov Alexander Nikolaevich;
  • https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%91%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2,_%D0%90%D0%BB %D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%A4%D1%91%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0 %B8%D1%87 – Fedorov Alexey Fedorovich;
  • https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0,_ %D0%9F%D1%91%D1%82%D1%80_%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87 –Peter Petrovich Vershigora;
  • https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B2,_%D0%94 %D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0 %B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87 – Dmitry Nikolaevich Medvedev;
  • http://www.molodguard.ru/guardians.htm - “Young Guard” website, © D. Shcherbinin;
  • http://zoyakosmodemyanskaya.ru / - Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya website.
  • https:// ru.wikipedia.org / wiki /% D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0 %B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F_ (% D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0% BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86 %D0%B8% D1%8F) – “Young Guard”;
  • https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CA%EE%F1%EC%EE%E4%E5%EC%FC%FF%ED%F1%EA%E0%FF,_%C7%EE%FF_ %C0%ED%E0%F2%EE%EB%FC%E5%E2%ED%E0 – Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya

Internet sources for template design:

  • http://nakleykiavto.ru/novosti/novaya_ofitsialnaya_emblema_70_let_pobedy/ - the official emblem of the 70th anniversary of the Victory (with a dove of peace);
  • http://solbiblfil2.ucoz.ru/load/dlja_vas_chitateli/nashi_razrabotki/chitaem_knigi_o_vojne/18-1-0-211 -St. George ribbon for the title;
  • http://cms-portal.ru/forum/60-274-1 - straight St. George ribbon;
  • http://liubavyshka.ru - “no one is forgotten, nothing is forgotten”;
  • http://algre.livejournal.com – golden laurel branch;
  • http://liubavyshka.ru – stars of Victory;

You can use this design

to create your presentations,

but in your presentation you should indicate

template source:

© Kolmakov Anatoly Ivanovich, teacher of history and social studies of the MKOU Zonal Secondary School of the Zonal District of the Altai Territory.

Partisan movement during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945.

Completed by: 9th grade student

Razyapov Salavat







The interaction of the partisans with units of the regular army was important. In 1941, during the defensive battles of the Red Army, the partisans mainly conducted reconnaissance. However, in the spring of 1943, the systematic development of plans using partisan forces began. The most striking example of effective interaction between partisans and units of the Soviet Army was the Belarusian operation of 1944, codenamed “Bagration”. In it, a powerful group of Belarusian partisans was essentially one of the fronts, coordinating its actions with the four advancing fronts of the regular army. The activities of the partisans during the Great Patriotic War were highly appreciated. More than 127 thousand of them were awarded the medal “Partisan of the Patriotic War” of the 1st and 2nd degrees; over 184 thousand were awarded other medals and orders, and 249 people became Heroes of the Soviet Union, and S.A. Kovpak and A.F. Fedorov - twice.

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